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2024
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How do steel plates achieve wear resistance?
The alloying elements of wear-resistant steel are one of the reasons why it is more wear-resistant than other steels. Wear-resistant steel uses several alloys to improve wear resistance. For example, carbon helps to increase the hardness and strength of steel, and chromium and manganese can help reduce wear. Common wear-resistant steel plates are mild steel plates. Heat treatment is another factor in steel wear resistance.
Wear-resistant steel must have a microstructure that gives it high hardness. This is achieved in part by adding the appropriate alloying elements. However, this is not enough to ensure that it forms the proper microstructure. The steel must also go through a heating and rapid quenching process to form the microstructure. Care must be taken when welding and heating wear-resistant steels. If they are heated to a high enough temperature, an annealing effect may also occur, resulting in a decrease in hardness and, therefore, wear resistance.
The chemical elements commonly contained in medium and low alloy wear-resistant steels are silicon, manganese, chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten, nickel, titanium, boron, copper, rare earths, etc. Many large and medium-sized ball mill liners in the United States are made of chromium-molybdenum-silicon-manganese or chromium-molybdenum steel. Most grinding balls in the United States are made of medium and high carbon chromium-molybdenum steel. For workpieces working under abrasive wear conditions at higher temperatures (e.g. 200-500°C) or workpieces whose surfaces are subjected to higher temperatures due to frictional heat, alloy wear-resistant steels such as chromium-molybdenum-vanadium, chromium-molybdenum-vanadium-nickel or chromium-molybdenum-vanadium-tungsten can be used. After quenching, these steels have a secondary hardening effect when tempered at medium or high temperatures.